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Baalbek City Monuments

We mention among the most important monuments of the city of Baalbek:

  • Pregnant stone: This landmark is considered the largest stone that has been carved in the world, and it is known as the qibla. It is located next to the entrance to the city of Baalbek from the east, and its size is approximately 422 cubic meters, and its weight reaches 1000 tons, and its length is 21.5 meters, and its width is 4.8 meters. As for its height it reaches To 4.2 meters.
  • Flour seduction: It was named by this name as an indication of the white, calcareous rocks that resemble wheat flour when crumbled, and is located to the north of the city of Baalbek in the middle of the Sharawnah region, and the flour sediment is one of the oldest monuments in Baalbek, as these sediments were inhabited thousands of years ago, and scholars say It was a residence for workers in the Romen era.
  • Heritage homes: The most important of them are:
    • Palmyra Hotel: It is an old house with a large area, and was built on the remains of the Romen amphitheater located in Baalbek.
    • Bishop’s buildings: It includes all architectural elements from the Ottoman and Mandatory periods.
    • Palm Bishop’s House: Its ownership belongs to the Skaf, and was of great importance to the Ottoman Empire, as it was an administrative center within the state.
  • Water channels: These channels were created during the time of the Romen state, and were still usable until the beginning of the twenty-first century.
  • Dors’ Dome: It is a mausoleum dating back to the Ayyubid period, as it had eight red granite columns topped by this dome.
  • Other parameters: Ras Al-Ain Spring, Bayadah Temple, St. Barbara’s Cathedral, the Dome of the Glories, the Dome of the Saeedeen, and the Great Umayyad Mosque.

The city of Baalbek

The city of Baalbek is 85 km from the capital, Beirut, to the east, on the heights of the high Bekaa Valley, and its elevation is approximately 1130 meters, as this city was known as (the city of the sun), or (Heliopolis); it is the name that Alexander the Great called the city when he invaded Baalbek 334 BC, and this name remained in use until 64 BC when the great Pompeii annexed the region of Phenicia to Rome, and it remained called Heliopolis until 15 BC when the city became a colony of the Romen Empire.

Baalbek in Islamic rule

After the Muslims’ victory over the Byzantine forces in the Battle of Yarmouk, Baalbek came under Islamic rule and was renamed as (the Citadel), as the walls were reinforced and the temples fortified for defense, and the construction of a mosque in the middle of ancient Romen temples, at a time when Christian monuments were being destroyed.
In 748 AD, the Byzantine army managed to control the city, and again in 975 AD, but they could not keep it, after that the city moved to the Romen Empire who allowed its collapse due to its largely neglected, and the city regained its prosperity in 1898 AD when the German Emperor visited the city and sent a team Among the scholars to work in the city in the field of conservation and excavation, and his efforts have preserved the city to the present time.

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