Table of Contents
Egypt
It is officially called the Arab Republic of Egypt, and it is located in the northeastern part of the continent of Africa, and it is called the Middle East country because it connects the continent of Africa to the southwest of the continent of Asia through the Sinai Peninsula, and Egypt is a major major power in the Islamic world and the Middle East, bordering Egypt to the northeast Gaza, and Libya to the west, and the Red Sea to the east and the Mediterranean to the north, and an area of about 1,001,450 km 2. Its inhabitants live in an area of 5.5% of the total area, while the remainder is a desert.
Egypt ranks among the most densely populated African countries, as it occupies the third rank among the countries of the Middle East, with a population of eighty million people, most of whom live on the banks and near the Nile River, and Egypt is distinguished by the diversity of the sources of its economy, so its economy depends on various sectors in different proportions, so it represents The services sector is the largest share that contributes to the Egyptian economy, which is 39%, followed by the agriculture sector with 32%, then the industrial sector with 17%, and finally the tourism sector with 12%.
As for the capital of Egypt, it is the city of Cairo, which is one of the largest cities in the world, and it is a city with a long history and distinctive beauty, despite its hustle and traffic, and it is not possible to complete tourist trips in Egypt without reaching Cairo and staying in it, in which one gets to know On the Egyptian street and feel it, as there are in Cairo many important tourist attractions, such as: the Egyptian Museum, the Pyramids of Giza, the Al-Azhar Mosque, Khan Al-Khalili, the Sultan Hassan Mosque and others.
The most famous tourist places in Egypt
Despite the spread of the desert in Egypt, it contains many beautiful tourist places that make it an ideal tourist country that combines relaxation, adventure and culture. Among the most famous tourist places in Egypt:
- Giza Pyramids: It is one of the areas that attract tourists, and the last of the remaining seven wonders of the ancient world. The Pyramids of Giza are located near the southwestern suburbs of the city of Cairo. Cemeteries of the pharaohs’ kings. The archaeologists paid great attention to these pyramids and studied how to build them. The pyramid of Khufu is the largest and reaches 139 meters in spite of the fact that the Khafre Pyramid appears to be larger, but the reason for this is that it was built on a higher height.
- Valley of the Kings: It is located near the city of Luxor, and the tombs of kings and nobles have been built over five hundred years from the eleventh century to the sixteenth century, and the Valley of the Kings contains 63 graves ranging in size from a small room to a large grave containing 120 rooms, and the walls of the tombs are decorated with drawings It represents legendary scenes of Egyptian history that refer to ancient beliefs and funerary rituals famous at that time.
- Islamic Cairo: This region is characterized by its crowding with Islamic schools and mosques, such as: Al-Azhar Mosque and Sultan Hassan Mosque, which are distinguished for their originality and beauty, and there are monuments dating back to the era of the Fatimids to the era of the Mamluks, in addition to Khan Al-Khalili, which is a large market filled with stalls selling textiles, spices, And perfumes, as well as the small workshops and craftsmen working in them.
- Aswan: Aswan is located on the banks of the Nile River and is characterized by its calmness, as it is considered a suitable place to relax, and tourists can go to Elephantine Island and take a walk in its streets by taking a ferry, and camels can be ride and reach the Simon Desert located on the east bank of the river, and there are temples in the city And the monuments; except that they are distinguished by their occurrence on the banks of the Nile River, where tourists sit in one of the restaurants located on the Nile River, enjoying the amazing views.
- Abu Simbel: It is located on the west bank of Lake Nasser in southern Egypt, and it is an archaeological site that includes two huge temples. Abu Simbel was carved in the mountains during the reign of Ramses II, where it was erected to be his own and Queen Nefertari, and is distinguished by its beauty and luxury, so it is decorated with colossal statues and interior wall paintings, and the entire structure has been moved. In the sixties of the last century because it was threatened by being flooded by water as a result of the construction of the Aswan Dam, and it is still a famous tourist landmark and has its great position in Egypt.
- Egyptian Museum: It is one of the most important Egyptian tourist attractions, as it is one of the treasures of the ancient Pharaonic world, and it is one of the largest museums in the world, and it consists of two floors, the ground floor includes a large collection of papyrus and ancient coins that were used by the ancient Egyptians, while the first floor is in it Artifacts dating back to the last two dynasties from ancient Egypt, it also includes a number of artifacts taken from the Valley of the Kings, and it has prominent features from Tutankhamun’s tomb and the royal mummy room, which contains approximately 27 mummies belonging to the kings of the Pharaohs era.
- White Desert: It is one of the wonders of nature in Egypt, where it is distinguished by its white sand that looks like pieces of ice in the middle of a barren desert, and people visit it to enjoy its beauty and its picturesque nature, as it appears as part of a pure science fiction movie.
- Siwa Oasis: Siwa Oasis was one of the Egyptian settlements culturally isolated from the rest of the country, and remained so until the late nineteenth century, where 23,000 people, most of them Berbers, lived in it, located in the Libyan desert near the western borders of Egypt, and is characterized by its location on an ancient vital trade route, as well It is distinguished by palm and date farms and the presence of natural fresh springs in which travelers in the desert find their comfort, and they explore ancient fortresses built of mud, and many hotels were built there, which increased its tourist importance.
- Alexandria: It is an Egyptian city with a European character, located on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea, and is considered the main port in Egypt, and the center of transportation, dating back to the reign of Alexander the Great in 331 BC, and it is one of the coastal cities that attract tourists, but its heritage is left with little Due to the earthquakes that occurred in the fourteenth century and which led to the destruction of many famous historical places, including Alexandria, today there are many cafes and markets in them.
- St. Catherine’s Monastery: Saint Catherine Monastery is located on top of Mount Sinai, where Musa, peace be upon him, is believed to have received the ten commandments there, and is one of the oldest monasteries in the world, and is home to a group of ancient manuscripts and some historical religious and artistic icons, and tourists can climb Mount Sinai to reach it and enjoy With the sunrise or sunset view from the top.
- South Sinai: South of the Sinai Peninsula is an area that contains many tourist resorts located on the shore of the Red Sea, there is Sharm el-Sheikh, a tourist resort full of luxury hotels and international restaurants, as diving trips to the sea, quad bike trips in the desert, and the Dahab region, 85 km north Sharm El Sheikh, a coastal village that represents a tourist resort and is characterized by a cheap standard of living compared to other living standards in Egypt, and the visitor enjoys the adventures of desert trips on camels and sea trips such as surfing, diving and diving, as it is located in the town of Nuweiba and the town of Taba And South Sinai is one of the best diving sites in the world.
- Abydos Temple: The Temple of Abydos is one of the ancient artistic treasures of Egypt, and is characterized by its columns and walls covered in hieroglyphic writing and paintings containing complex scenes that are difficult to understand, and this temple is one of the least Egyptian temples in Luxor, receiving visitors despite its beauty and legacy.
- Ibn Tulun Mosque: It is one of the oldest mosques in Cairo, built by the Abbasid ruler of Egypt, Ahmed Ibn Tulun in the period 876-879 AD, and the minaret of the mosque is distinguished by an external spiral staircase similar to the famous minaret in Samarra.
- Karnak Temple: It is the largest ancient religious site that has been built, and many generations of Egyptian builders participated in its construction. The temple consists of three main temples in addition to the smaller temples and external temples, and the most famous buildings in Karnak are a hypostyle hall that has an area of 5,000 square meters, and has huge columns numbering 134 Amoud, which is arranged in 16 rows, and despite the destruction of a large part of it, it remains one of the most beautiful and surprising sites for the visitor.
- Hurghada: Hurghada is located near the Red Sea, and it was previously just a small fishing village, but today it is one of the largest tourist destinations in Egypt, where more than 100 hotels were built, and there are a large number of sandy beaches that make it a great opportunity to do diving adventures.
Tourism and Economy in Egypt
Tourism contributes to providing many job opportunities in addition to its great impact on the economy which is represented in increasing income. Tourism in Egypt has contributed about 13% of the Egyptian economy since ancient times, and has contributed a similar amount in providing job opportunities, and the positive impact of tourism on the Egyptian economy can be increased By strengthening the links between employment opportunities in the tourism sector for the residents of communities near tourist areas with other local sectors, local sectors can also benefit from the tourism sector by selling them to different goods and providing services to tourists, and many Egyptian heritage treasures must be recovered and protected. N extinction, whether due to human activity or due to various environmental factors, such as the high level of groundwater that leads to the weakening of foundations for old buildings.
In 2011, the number of tourists heading to Egypt decreased due to the political events that took place during that period, which led to a great pressure on the Egyptian economy, and since 1995 AD the American government has provided many assistance to Egypt in order to preserve the antiquities and cultural heritage in it. The United States has its path of supporting tourism in Egypt, where it has completed, in cooperation with the Government of Egypt, six engineering projects aimed at protecting the various archaeological sites in the country, such as: Luxor Temple, Edfu Temple, Plateau Island, and the Gate of Zuweila Gate located in the city of Cairo.