Information about the country of Estonia, if you plan to travel to one of the countries of Europe, you should visit Estonia as it is one of the most beautiful countries in Europe, and it is distinguished from others by calm and picturesque landscapes, and the cost of travel to it is not prohibitive compared to other countries, where it is located in a region The Baltic Sea in northern Europe, here is some information in the following article in Arab travelers about the most beautiful countries in Europe, some historical information about it, and the nature of the climate for the country.
Table of Contents
Information about the country of Estonia
It is one of the European countries that is located in the North Baltic region in northern Europe, and it is bordered by the four directions several different places, where the Gulf of Finland is located in the north of Estonia, the Lativa region to the south, and to the west the Baltic Sea, and the east Lake Pepos and Russia.
On the mainland of the Baltic Sea, the State of Sweden is located on the western side, and Finland on the northern side, and the lands of the Republic of Estonia consist of its mainland, and some small islands in the Baltic Sea. The Republic is affected by the humid continental climate.
Estonia is a democratic parliamentary republic, divided into 15 provinces, and a population of approximately 1.3 million.
There are many mutual cultures between the Republic of Estonia and Finland, and the official language of the country is the Estonian language, which is also the Finnish-Ugric language, as it is linked to Finland as one of its Semitic languages.
History of the Republic of Estonia
- The state of Estonia went through many different stages through the ages, until it reached this present civilization, as it was initially a group of settlements, and after that the settlements began to increase, during the last ice age period, when the ice melted, many made their displacement towards Estonia, Among the oldest settlements in Estonia is the Poli settlement, which is located on the banks of the River Bernoa.
- The population in Estonia in the Stone Age period was associated with the culture of Kunda, a city located in the north of Estonia, and in that era the country was a forest, and the Bedouin character of living was predominant over the population at this time, and the prevailing activities in that period were fishing, business Farm, and they were helped by the fact that they were near water bodies.
- After that the Middle Iron Age appeared, and this era was one of the greatest eras that represented a great threat and danger to the Estonian people, as it occurred in this period the Scandinavian saga that led to severe confrontations with the Estonians, particularly after the victory of the Estonian Vikings, and their killing of the Swedish king Ingvar.
- Then, in 1199 AD, Pope Innocent III declared one of the Crusades to defend the Christians of Livonia, and the fighting continued until he reached the state of Estonia in 1206 AD at the time when the King of Denmark, Waldemar II decided to invade the Sarma region, and during their campaign against the Estonians In the year 1208 AD, both sides launched numerous counter-strikes.
- In the end, they signed the Tartu Peace Treaty between the Estonian state and the Soviet Russia with an acknowledgment from Russia of eternally relinquishing all claims to the sovereignty of the Estonian state in the February 1920, and in 1919 the Estonian Constituent Assembly was elected |, and the Assembly decided many decisions that are in the interest of the Estonian people Where I decided to make many reforms to Estonian lands through the confiscation of huge real estate, and adopted a new constitutional law founded in the liberal way and the constitution stipulated that Estonia is a parliamentary democracy, and in 2004 Estonia joined the European Union and NATO, after the work of Wadid of radical reforms that led to the renaissance of the country’s economy, the privatization and reform of the currency.
Estonia’s economic renaissance
The Estonian country is a member of the European Union, and it is one of the countries with a high economy, according to the statistics officially registered by the World Bank, and here is more information about the Estonian economy:
- The Estonian state is one of the countries with high economic rates, which made it nicknamed several titles, among them being the tiger of the Baltic countries for its upward economic strength, and besides this Lithuania and Latvia, the state began to take the euro as its official currency as it became the seventeenth place in the euro area and that was in 1/1/2011 M.
- One of the most important economic matters in the Estonian state is its production of electricity, as it produces about 75% of electricity, and in 2011 it produced 85% of electricity through the use of locally extracted oil shale.
- Alternative energy sources are also used by about 9% of the total consumption of people, and these energies such as wood, peat and biomass.
- The renewable wind energy represents about 6% of the total consumption in the 2009 statistics.
- Petroleum products are imported from Europe and Russia, where they import 100% of the natural gas that meets their needs from the Russian state.
- The shale sectors, wireless communications, chemicals, textiles, and other services, bait, fishing, and shipbuilding are among the foundations of the Estonian economy.
Climate of the Republic of Estonia
The Estonian climate is diverse, due to several different factors, where it has a temperate and humid climate, and this is in contrast to the climate of the eastern region, which is at the same latitude, where the Estonian country is located in the area of exposure to the air masses that come through the hurricane winds emerging in the region North Atlantic Ocean, as it carries warm air in the winter, cold air in the summer, and the northern and western coastal areas in the Estonian state are characterized as one of the most temperate regions in the interior regions of the country, while the regions in the eastern and southeastern regions are characterized by a continental climate Also, annual rainfall occurs at the rate of 24 and 28 inches, and this causes abundant water availability, along with low evaporation rate.
Tourism in the Republic of Estonia
The country of Estonia has many tourist attractions that make it a place that attracts the attention of tourists, and many tourists come to it annually, and these are the most important tourist attractions in the state of Estonia:
One of the best things about the Estonian people is their beautiful welcome and affection to the tourists and help them know many things and places inside the country, and their ancient history.
The country contains large numbers of ancient medieval castles, and there are also many distinctive, German-style monumental houses, which also have Soviet skyscrapers, which Estonians consider to be one of the monuments that document their relationship to European history and its heritage.
The capital of Helsinki is one of the most beautiful capitals in Eastern Europe, with many churches dating back to the Middle Ages, and characterized by its streets with narrow corridors and alleys that have been professionally restored.
The Tsarist spa, and the Nerva Castle, which is on the Russian border, is one of the most important tourist attractions in the Estonian state.
The city of Brno is the best summer capital in Estonia, where lovers of sea and picturesque beaches where they can tour the night in the historical Estonian boats.
