Research on the importance of tourism in Egypt

A brief summary about Egypt

Officially known as the Arab Republic of Egypt, and its largest city, Cairo and Alexandria, it is a country located in North Africa, where the Sinai Peninsula is considered a land crossing in southwest Asia, which has earned it an important location as it extends across continents, as it is a great power in Africa, the Mediterranean, and the world Islamic, bordered on the northeast by occupied Palestine and the Gaza Strip, and overlooking the Red Sea to the east, and has borders with Sudan from the south, and Libya from the west, while it is bordered on the north by the Mediterranean.

The importance of tourism in Egypt

Egypt is considered one of the most important cultural and political countries in the Middle East region, and the ancient Egyptian civilization is very famous in various times, which prompted archaeologists to study ancient monuments scattered in various Egyptian cities, so tourism in Egypt is one of the most important tributaries of the Egyptian economy, where it formed what Approximately 12% of GDP, and it also contributes significantly to the balance of payments. The tourism sector also employs 12% of the workforce in Egypt.

In 2011, according to the estimates of the competent tourism authorities, Egypt ranked 75th among the countries of the world in the field of tourism and travel, with a decline in 2013 to 85th place, but Egyptian tourism witnessed growth in August by 91.6% in 2014 compared to the same period in 2013, Egypt’s tourism revenues reached 7.6 billion dollars, as the number of tourists increased in 2020 to 8.3 million. UNESCO has chosen six different Egyptian cultural heritage sites according to the list of World Heritage sites: Abu Mina, Thebes and its ancient cemetery, Historic Cairo, Memphis and Nikropolis – the Pyramids area from Giza to Dahshur – and the features of Nubia from Abu Simbel to Philae, and St. Catherine , And the Valley of the Whales.

Some tourist cities in Egypt

The importance of tourism in Egypt comes because of the presence of many tourist attractions that tourists visit, including:

• Cairo: Cairo is considered one of the largest Egyptian cities, as it inhabits 17 million people from the total population of Egypt, and was called in the era of the Pharaohs as “from another” which means the beautiful city, and the Nile River passes through it, and is one of the longest rivers in the world, and attracts a lot of tourists to it, In addition to the existence of a number of aquatic organisms that provide tourism and recreational services through riding boats and ships, and fishing, as is the Nile River crossing of the other bank. Several annual festivals are held in Cairo, such as the Cairo Film Festival, the Drum Festival, the Jazz Festival and others, and Cairo also has the presence of the most important cultural centers.

Cairo is famous for its ancient heritage and strategic location, as it is distinguished by the presence of historical monuments, where the tourist finds museums, such as the Egyptian Museum, which contains the largest archeological collection of monuments of the Pharaohs, the Coptic Museum, the Ceramic Museum, the Railway Museum, and the Museum of Agriculture, while the Islamic monuments can be found by the tourist Such as: Amr Ibn Al-Aas Mosque, which is the first mosque built in Egypt and Africa, where Amr bin Al-Aas built it in the city of Fustat, Al-Azhar Al-Sharif, the Mosque of Ibn Tulun, and the Salahuddin Al-Ayyubi Castle, which is considered one of the largest warships built in the Middle Ages.

• Alexandria: Alexandria is the second largest city after Cairo, nicknamed the Bride of the Mediterranean, a coastal city founded in the fourth century BC, with its lands stretching about 70 km on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea, located northwest of the Nile Delta, while from the south it is bordered by Lake Mariout From the east, Abu Qir Bay and the city of Edku, and from the west Sidi Kreir, the most important thing that distinguishes the city is its ancient library, which contains more than 700 thousand volumes, and also includes the lighthouse of Alexandria, which reaches a height of about 35 meters, and was previously considered one of the seven wonders of the world before its destruction in The earthquake of 1307 AD.

Also, the city of Alexandria includes the largest seaport in Egypt, as there are many museums and historical monuments, such as: Qaitbay Castle, the Pillar of Pillars, and many recreational places, such as theaters, cinemas, public squares, parks, and commercial centers, as there are many Some of the palaces, such as: Park Palace, Ras Al Tin Palace, Antoniadis Palace, and Al Safa Palace, in addition to other historical monuments, such as the Romen Theater, Mustafa Kamel ancient tombs, Al-Anfushi Archeological Tombs, the Greco-Romen Museum, and the Royal Jewelry Museum.

• the shortest: The city of Luxor, or as it was called Thebes, the capital of the Pharaohs, was founded in the era of the Fourth Pharaonic family around 2575 BC, and is 670 km away from Cairo, and due to the intensity of its richness in ancient monuments, some archaeologists believe that it includes a third of the world’s monuments, it is included from the eastern side of the Nile Luxor Temple, Karnak Temple, and the Rambash Road linking the two temples and Luxor Museum. As for the western side, they include the Valley of the Kings, the Monastery of the Sea, the Valley of the Queens, the City Monastery, the Ramsium Temple, and the statue of Memnon. There are also many tourist attractions. , Like the Embalming Museum, and the Hatshepsut Temple.

It is worth noting that mosques are abundant in Luxor, such as: Sheikh Al-Hafni Mosque and Abi Al-Hajjaj Luxor Mosque, in addition to many churches that were built in it, the most prominent of which are: the Church of the Virgin Mary, the Church of Angel Michael, the Church of St. George, the Presbyterian Evangelical Church, and is considered Cruise ship trips across the Nile River are among the most important elements for attracting tourists as well, and the river transportation means transports tourists and people from the region to and from the eastern and western cities of the city.

• Aswan: The city of Aswan or as it was called Sounou which means the market, and its origin is so named as a center for caravans coming to and from Nubia, as well as it was called the Land of Gold because it was a burial place for the kings of Nubia, and it is considered one of the largest cities in Aswan Governorate to be its capital as well, and it is inhabited by about 300 thousand people, Among the most important features of the city: Elephantine Island, which is an island facing Aswan, and on the island there is the Temple of Khnum, next to the Nile Scale, the Cemetery of the Holy Ram, the Gate of Amenhotep the Second, and the Trinity of Satan and cursed, as the city gained a strategic location when building the High Dam in the era of Egyptian President Gamal Abdel Nasser And because of the dam Formed Lake Nasser, which form a giant reservoir of water.

The city includes the Aga Khan Cemetery, which was constructed of limestone and marble, and the Nubian Museum, which contains more than 5 thousand artifacts from the ancient ruins of Nubia, and the most prominent tourist places in them: the island of plants, the island of Philae, the Temple of Abu Simbel, the tombs of the nobles rulers of Nubia, and Fatimid tombs , Kom Ombo Temple.

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