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Ancient Seven World Wonders

The ancient Greeks conquered most of the countries of the ancient world in the fourth century BC, which made it easier for Greek tourists to visit most of these countries and learn about ancient civilizations, such as: Persian, Babylonian, and Pharaonic civilizations, so they recorded and dated the archaeological sites that they saw and marveled at. It testifies to the skill of people, their hard work, creativity and innovation from ancient times.
Wonders were initially known as themata, which is a Greek word meaning something to be seen, or something that should be seen as defined by the Byzantine scholar Philo in his book bearing the title of the Seven World Wonders, and a number of historians also wrote about it, such as: Herodotus, Kaliema . Although the wonders of the seventh world bear witness to the greatness of the making and creativity of the human hand, it also bears witness to the ability of the human hand to destroy; among these wonders did not disappear at the hands of man, including those that ceased to exist by nature, but only one of them has survived, It is the largest pyramid in Egypt, as will be explained later in this article.

The Seven Wonders of the World

Every miracle of the seven wonders of the world has a story that tells the cause of its construction and its fame. These are:

The Great Pyramid of Khufu in Egypt

The Great Pyramid of Khufu in Egypt is one of the greatest edifices in the world. It was ordered by its construction of the pharaoh Khufu to serve as a grave for it, and it is the largest of the three pyramids. The pyramid of Khufu is located in the city of Giza in Egypt. It was built in the period 2584-2561 BC, and it took 20 years to build Among the oldest of the seven wonders of the world, where 360 ​​thousand men were recruited into its building, and 2.3 million stone blocks with a weight of 2 tons per block were used. The height of the pyramid is approximately 480 feet, that is, 146 meters, and one of the world’s monuments has been controversial, as it is believed to be the tallest building a human being has built in 4 thousand years, and he is the only survivor and remains so far from the seven wonders of the ancient world.

Babel’s hanging gardens in Iraq

King Nebuchadnezzar Nassir Al-Babyloni built the Babylon Gardens suspended in Iraq in the period between 605-562 BC, as a gift to his wife, who had longed for her country and the beauty of her nature, and who informed the descriptions of her the description of the historian Diodorus of Sicily, as he described them as birds of plants. The hanging gardens of Babylon are rock terraces that gradually rise to more than 23 m. It can be accessed by climbing a series of stairs. The gardens were planted with many types of flowers, types of fruits, winter and summer vegetables to remain green and prosperous throughout the year, as they were surrounded by a moat on a waterway. The Euphrates River, and these gardens have eight gates, the most famous of which is the Ishtar Gate.
The controversy was raised about the existence of the hanging gardens of Babylon, as Babylonian history did not mention them, in addition to that, the father of history Herodotus did not talk about them in his descriptions of the city of Babylon, but many historians have proven that they were really present, such as: Diodorus, Philo, and Strabo. Babylon’s hanging gardens were destroyed a century after its construction by an earthquake that struck the region.

Artemis temple in Turkey

The Temple of Artemis was built under the patronage of King Lydia King Croesus in 550 BC, and it was named after that of Queen Artemis, and it was located in a Greek colony in Ephesus in Asia Minor, where it was located on Mount Ephesus, now called Mount Seljuk, took 120 years to build, the temple more than 120 years ago. It reached 425 feet high, 225 feet wide, and was supported by high pillars surrounding it from all sides, numbering 127 columns, each reaching length of 18 meters, and although the temple took 120 years to build, it was destroyed in one night at the hands of A man named Herostratus: on the 21st of July, p Or 356 BC, Herostratus set fire to the temple with the aim of publicizing himself by destroying one of the most magnificent structures built by mankind, but the people of Ephesus did not admit this.
The structure at that time was considered one of the most amazing and amazing structures, and Alexander II had donated its construction, but the people of Ephesus initially refused this, but it was rebuilt after his death but on a smaller scale, and was destroyed once again by the Goths when he invaded Greece, then it was built for the third and last time so that It was completely destroyed after that in the year 401 BC, when a large group of Christians shot it, under the leadership of Saint St. John, according to what was mentioned by the historian Strabo in his book, and some of its parts are still preserved in the British Museum.

Zeus statue in Olympia

The statue of Zeus created one of the best sculptors in the world, the Greek sculptor Phidias, in the fifth century B.C. In honor of the god Zeus, he depicted Phidias as the god Zeus sitting on his throne, and was used in his construction ivory to depict his body, but his clothing was covered in gold. The statue is 12 meters long, and the purpose of its magnitude is to sow terror in the hearts of people inside the Temple of Zeus, except that he was criticized, as he wanted to depict him sitting, but because of his height he appeared as if he was standing to touch the ceiling, and thus his estimate of the dimension was incorrect. The statue was brought down and transported to the city of Constantinople to be destroyed by burning, after Christianity appeared and the ritual of idolatry was prohibited. It is also said: It was not destroyed by burning, but was destroyed by an earthquake in the fifth or sixth century BC.

Halicarnassus Mausoleum in Turkey

The tomb of the Persian king Satrap Musulus, known as the Halicarnassus shrine, was built in 351 BC, and it was named in relation to the city Halicarnassus that the king took as his capital, and the shrine was built in it according to the desire of his wife, Artemisia, in the city of Mayalma3 M., his remains were placed in it to commemorate his memory, and two years later she also died and her remains were placed in it alongside the remains of her husband.
The height of the mausoleum reached 135 feet, and 4 Greek sculptors participated in its decoration. It is said: They continued to work on it even after the death of the king and queen to commemorate their memory, and this would make them more famous. The mausoleum was destroyed by a group of earthquakes, and in 1494 AD, it was completely dismantled and used by St. John’s Army to build Bodrum Castle, and the stones still used today.
The shrine consists of three parts, the visitor finds in the lower part a huge hall built of white marble, topped by the second level by which there are 36 columns distributed over the parts to bear the roof of the shrine, and the shrine rises in the form of a pyramid, in the pyramid of the pyramid At the base of the mausoleum there are vestibules that end up in a room where the treasures, gold, and remains of the king and queen Arab travelers travel inside a white marble sarcophagus, and the mausoleum tells of mythical stories and heroic battles by means of reliefs, gossip Dah in all its parts.

Rhodes Statue in Greece

The statue of Rhodes is a large statue of a male person, built in the period 292-280 BC; in honor of the pastor deity Helios of Rhodes Island, and it was built after success in defending the city against the invasion that took place in 305 BC, led by this Macedonian leader, Demetrius Many of the weapons that were sold for a large amount were used to build the statue, and it lasted 56 years until it was destroyed by an earthquake in 226 BC. The height of the statue of Rhodes was 110 feet, and its legs stood on two identical bases, and Pliny says: The toes of the statue are larger than any statue at that time, and according to what the historian Theophanes said, the statue was covered in bronze, and some of its ruins were sold to a Jewish merchant.

The Alexandria Lighthouse in Egypt

Ptolemy the First ordered the construction of the Alexandrian Lighthouse on an island called Furus, and its construction was completed in 280 BC. The lighthouse was at the third in terms of length after the Pyramids and the Temple of Artemis, as it reached 440 feet, and one of its advantages was that it reflected the sunlight in the daytime. During a mirror on top, at night it was lit with fire, and a person could see it at a distance of 35 miles; that is, 57 km. As for the structure, its base was square in shape, to rise later in the form of octagonal, but from the middle it was made in a circle. The lighthouse was destroyed by earthquakes, so it was the first earthquake that caused tremendous damage in 956 AD, followed by the second earthquake in 1303 AD, then a third earthquake in 1323 CE, but its eventual extinction was in 1480 CE, and now its place is called a castle called Qaitbay in which some Lighthouse stones.

The New Seven Wonders of the World

Canadian film producer Bernard Weber initiated an initiative launched by the New Open World Foundation in 2000, and was the first competition of its kind for the Seven World Wonders, which included 17 sites initially, but the public’s objection led to the addition of 6 other sites, and a foundation has been created with The New Seven Wonders Foundation, and this contest was the first democratic practice in the whole world, and the contest organizers said: About 75 million people participated in the selection of the new list of wonders from different countries of the world, so voting began in 2005 Internet and dial-up, and the results were announced in 2007, to include the new list features the following:

Great Wall of China

The Great Wall of China is a series of walls, stretching along 2,400 km, and the height of the wall to 10 m, but its width is between 5-9 m, and there are 25 thousand watchtowers. The Great Wall of China was built in the fifth century B.C., and it took nearly 40 years to build, and was supported by stones in the sixteenth century AD.

Christ the Redeemer Statue

The statue of the Redeemer Christ was built on the top of a mountain called Corcovado in the city of Rio de Janeiro, and later became a symbol to distinguish it from others, and was designed by the artist Hitor da Silva Costa in 1931 AD, on the model of a popular design wave that appeared in the early twenties called Art Deco, and arrives The statue was 40 meters long, and its construction cost $ 250,000, most of which was from donations.

The ancient city of Machu Picchu

The city of Meizhou Picchu was built during the height of the growth of the Inca Empire, in the middle of the fifteenth century, and the city fell between two towering peaks of the Andes Mountains, and visitors can only reach it by foot, using a train or helicopter. This city was the holy center of the capital Cusco, and remained unknown until it was discovered in 1911 AD with the help of archaeologist Hiram Bingham.

Chichen Itza Pyramid

The pyramid is located north of the Yotokan Peninsula in Mexico, and it is an example of the genius and creativity of the Maya peoples, reaching a height of 54 meters, and the city of Chichen Itza was a commercial center for cloth, slaves, in addition to salt and honey in the past, and then became the political and economic center of the Mayan civilization, and flourished The city was in the period 800-1200 AD; it was a temple for veterans and an astronomical observatory for them.

Romen Coliseum in Rome

The Romen Coliseum was built in the period 70-80 AD in the form of an oval structure that can accommodate 50 thousand people, as people gathered to see the important events that took place in the Romen Kingdom, such as: chasing animals, reenacting battles, as well as skin accidents and executions. The stadium was vandalized by thieves and albumin, and only parts of the structures that tourists see when they visit it are left, and its design had an impact on the construction of modern terraces.

Taj Mahal in India

The Taj Mahal was built in the period between 1632-1648 AD from white marble, to commemorate the wife of the Mughal Emperor Shah Jehan. The shrine is a mixture of Islamic, Persian, Turkish, and Indian art, and its name is derived from the name of the wife of Emperor Mumtaz Mahal.

Petra in Jordan

The city of Petra was the capital of the Nabatean Kingdom during the days of the Fourth Harith, in the period between the years 9 BC-40 AD, built by the Nabateans, and they used water technology to build complex tunnels in which the water rooms were inside, and they carved structures in the rock, in addition to the seats that It reached 4000 seats, and there are many things in the city that made it become very popular.

Video of the ancient seven wonders of the world

Learn about the ancient Seven Wonders of the World and their locations:

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