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Brazil

Brazil (English: Brazil), officially known as the Federative Republic of Brazil, is one of the largest countries in South America in terms of area and population, and has a population of 207,847.53 people, according to statistics in 2015. The land area is Brazilian 8,358,140 km2 Brazil is bordered to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, and is bordered by the western part of many countries, including Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, Guinea, Venezuela, and Uruguay.
Brazil was discovered by the Portuguese in 1500 AD, and occupied it for 300 years, until it gained its independence in 1822.

Brasilia, the capital of Brazil

Brasília is the federal capital of the State of Brazil, chosen to be the capital of the Republic in 1956, after the previous two capitals, El Salvador and Rio de Janeiro. The city was established for the first time between 1956-1960, and civil engineer Lucio Costa and architect Oscar Nemeier made sure that the city’s buildings and the design of its neighborhoods are in harmony with the city’s general character, and were designed according to the architectural plane plan.

Geography

Brasilia is located in the heart of Brazil, where the aim of its establishment was to stimulate the movement internally in the heart of Brazil and to become the main nucleus of it. The city is bounded to the east and south by Lake Paranua, which is an industrial lake built in 1959, to raise the level of moisture in the city, due to its internal location. The capital consists of several administrative regions affiliated with it, and its number reaches 19 administrative regions, while the total area of ​​the capital and its administrative areas amounts to 5,789.16 km2, and the population density is 354.3 per square km. The city coordinates extend between ″38 ′47 ° 15 S, and ″ 58 ′52 ° 47 West.

Population

According to the statistics of 2016, the population of Brasilia is 2,977,216 million, and the city includes many races and social levels, as the founding of the city began when the people of the poor areas first came to them because they saw opportunities in them, and many people followed them. As a result, the city has become the fourth most populated city in the country.
The city’s official language is Portuguese, which is taught in schools, along with English and Spanish. The majority of the population belongs to the white race, where they constitute more than half, while the other half are Negroes and mixed.
Christianity is spread overwhelmingly in the city, where the followers of the Catholic Church constitute 65% of the population, followed by followers of the Protestant Church by 22.2%, with the presence of other religious minorities.

the climate

Brasilia is characterized by a dry climate, or what is called the savannah climate, and there is no cold season in the city. The city also has monsoon rains, and it has an annual annual rainfall of 1552.1 mm. The highest average annual temperature is 27 ° C, while the lowest average annual temperature is 16 ° C.

Economy

The economy of the city of Brasilia is heavily dependent on the public services sector, due to its position as the capital of the Brazilian Republic. The city has a GDP of $ 197,432,059 in 2014, and its GDP per capita is $ 69,216.80. The services sector contributes with $ 85,358,921 of the city’s GDP, followed by the sectors of education, health and social insurance with $ 73,725,856, the industry sector with $ 11,346,922, and finally the agricultural sector with $ 770,068 of the value of GDP.

Date

The first two capitals (El Salvador and Rio de Janeiro) were located on the coast, and since the mid-eighteenth century the Portuguese emperor who ruled Brazil at that time expressed his desire to move the capital to an interior and less vulnerable to coastal raids. In 1823, José Bonifacio de Andrada submitted a proposal to transfer the capital, and proposed the name Brasilia, and in 1891 the first constitution of the Kingdom of Brazil approved the construction of a capital. In 1956, he became the President of Brazil, and invited civil engineer Lucio Costa and architect Oscar Nimeier to start building and designing the city. The city was officially opened on April 22, 1960.

tourism

Brasilia is characterized as an attractive tourist country, so its design and arrangement of its buildings is very beautiful. This capital is also famous for many picturesque tourist attractions, the most important of which are Lake Baranoa, the Palace of Planalto, the Palace of the Brazilian Congress, the Cathedral of Brasilia, and the TV Tower. Brasilia also succeeded in hosting the 2014 World Cup, and was one of the biggest attractions of the city. In 1987, the city was included on the UNESCO World Heritage List for its unique buildings and architectural character.

transportation

When designing the layout of the city of Brasilia, its streets were designed to move around smoothly and easily, and the engineer, Lucio Costa, designed the roads in an intelligent manner that does not even need traffic lights to drive traffic, but the rapid growth of the population and the spread of large cities very quickly in the city spoiled the plans, and added Traffic lights, and the city is now suffering from traffic congestion, especially during peak hours.
Despite this, the city has a strong driving system, and the streets are in very good condition. One of the main roads in the city is “Eixão”, which is a highway that does not contain any traffic lights. In addition to buses and public transport buses, the city has a subway for transportation. The metro is designed to transport people in the most crowded cities in the capital, and the metro is characterized by a very fast, safe and cheap transportation, where the ticket is worth less than one dollar.

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