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The Republic of Germany

The Federal Republic of Germany, which is located in the middle of Europe, is bordered to the east by the Czech Republic and Poland, to the west by France, Belgium and the Netherlands, to the north by Denmark, the North Sea and the Baltic Sea and to the south by Austria and Switzerland, Germany has an area of ​​357,021 square kilometers, and a population of 81,751,602 people, It is considered one of the most densely populated countries in the European Union and ranks third in terms of the number of immigrants to it. Germany was an important center in the Holy Romen Empire, which lasted until 1806 AD. After World War II, Germany became the center of the Protestant Reformation, Germany was divided To East and West Germany but was unification in 1990, and the currency of Germany is the euro after it became part of the European Union, and later became affiliated to the Schengen Agreement, which allows the population of European countries that rotated between States belonging to the Convention without limits and without Visa.

Berlin is the capital of Germany

The capital of Germany is the city of Berlin, which is one of the sixteen German states, but it is the largest city in terms of population and the most important cities in it. During the Cold War in 1961, the East German government built a wall known as the Berlin Wall, and Berlin became divided into two parts. East Germany and the other followed West Germany, and this remained the case until 1989-1990 AD with the fall of the wall and the unification of the two Germans. Berlin was chosen as the capital of the Federal Republic of Germany and became one of the most important European cities.

History of Berlin

Berlin became the residence of Prince Friedrich II, a member of the Electoral Council, after the disturbances that occurred in 1451 AD. Berlin suffered at that time from wars, fire, and the spread of the plague, and it did not enjoy stability until Friedrich came, where he fortified Berlin and built the first luxury buildings on its land. In 1701 AD it became the seat of royal residence and the state capital after the coronation of Prince Friedrich III, member of the Electoral Council, and Berlin developed in this period until it became the largest industrial city, and in 1806-1808 AD Napoleon’s forces occupied Berlin after the Battle of the Nations that occurred in Leipzig in 1814, and witnessed this The Arab period With the four horses, in 1871 AD, the population of Berlin reached 800,000 after the founding of the German Empire and the coronation of Wilhelm I as emperor of Germany, and in 1895 AD the population of Germany reached one and a half million people after Germany’s defeat in World War I, which caused great crisis and difficulties Economic, but Berlin flourished at all levels after the establishment of the first German Republic and became the capital of culture in Europe. In World War II, the population of Berlin increased to 4.5 million, and the war destroyed a third of the historic buildings and monuments of Berlin. After the war ended, Berlin was divided into There are four sectors, the Soviet Union controlled the eastern sector, America controlled the southwestern sector, Britain controlled the western part, while France took control of the northwestern part, and after that the Berlin Wall was built in 1961 AD, but the wall was demolished in 1989 Unexpected after the citizens of the German Democratic Republic infiltrated the West and Berlin and German cities celebrated this event, and Germany was unified in October 1990, and Berlin was chosen as the capital of the Federal Republic of Germany.

Culture in Berlin

Berlin is characterized by the presence of many cultural facilities, and it has a wide reputation in the world, and Berlin has a vibrant and diverse civilization and is always evolving and distinguished, and Berlin is home to more than 420 showrooms and this makes many international artists choose Berlin a place to settle permanently, and Berlin has won the capital Awarded by (Design City) by UNESCO, for its impressive and impressive design and distinct system. In terms of entertainment, Berlin is one of the cities that cannot be tired of the many places of entertainment. Through the bicycles scattered everywhere, you can roam the markets, parks and roads. Berlin is famous for air balloons that rise 150 meters from the surface of the earth to fly in the sky of Berlin, and Berlin has a market It is very famous and it is the “Flea” Market, which is located on the River Spree, and it offers the best types of products at the lowest prices with the possibility of bargaining to get the cheapest deal.

The economy of Berlin

The total output of Berlin amounted to 75.8 billion euros, in the year 2001, as the large number of Berlin companies, which amount to more than 80%, work in the field of services, banks, and insurance, and the unemployment rate is 17%, which is high compared to the western part of Germany, and this As a result of the large influx of labor from the agricultural areas surrounding the city and also because of the increase in foreign workers from Eastern Europe.

Berlin Celebrations

Berlin does not know sleep, it offers performances and activities throughout the year that suit all tastes, and Berlin is one of the cities that makes a person attached to it, and Berlin is a destination for many international festivals and entertainment programs, and throughout the year concerts and festivals are held, including:

  • Berlin International Film Festival (Berlinale): It is the largest cultural event in Berlin in terms of filmmaking, and more than 19,000 filmmakers gather annually from more than 120 countries. The festival includes more than 4,000 journalists, and the festival receives the largest number of viewers In the world where more than 200,000 tickets are purchased.
  • Cultures Festival: One of the biggest events in Berlin is lively, colorful, and diversified in culture, where the festival is held in June every year, and is performed by thousands of representatives of more than 70 categories that perform dances and performances along the streets of the Kreuzberg with a solemn celebration, and the cultural difference is based on Every 7 Berliners, including one from abroad.
  • Music Festival: It is a free music festival that takes place in Berlin, which originated in France 20 years ago, and was attended by more than 400 bands of all kinds and genres.
  • Berlin Marathon: The marathon takes place on the last holiday of September for every year, as the capital is filled with more than 40,000 runners and 8,000 skiers, and this event is known to be the fastest in the world, gathering huge crowds to watch.

Nature in Berlin

Berlin is blessed with breathtaking nature, vast green areas, and quiet natural areas where Berliners take refuge away from the hustle and bustle of the city, and the largest park in Berlin is (Tiergarten), which is intended by Berliners especially in the summer, and it is a place to hold family barbecues, and is a destination for celebration of love that It is held annually in Germany, and in the center of the park is the Great Star Square, next to the official residence of the German President, and Germany contains very large wild places, one of the largest places in the world, which Alexander von Humboldt discovered in 1844 AD and has approximately 19,000 species of animals and 1. 400 plant species which made it aphids The most diverse variety in the world, and one of the most famous romantic landmarks in Berlin is the palace on the Peacock Island, where there are parks, gardens, rose gardens, and large numbers of peacocks on the island, and this island is reached via a small boat.

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