Iranian city of Mashhad
Mashhad is one of the greatest cities of Khorasan, and one of the largest Iranian cities, opened during the time of Caliph Othman bin Affan. The city contains many important historical monuments, in addition to attractions and shrines.
brief history
The ancient city of Mashhad was a small village belonging to the ancient city of Tous whose features were obscured during the attack by Tamerlane, and the rest of its people fled, and then built their homes next to the shrine.
In the year one thousand four hundred and sixty AD, Prince Shahrakh bin Al-Amir Taymour Al-Korkani Al-Khawaja (Mr. Mirza) was appointed to return the fortified in the shrine to the city of Tous, but they refrained from this, so the prince ordered that he build their homes in a fortress, so that the place would become of great importance, became famous in the name of Tous, and launched The name of Mashhad is on Sinbad, and due to the presence of the shrine in the place, the ancient village of Nuqan turned into a large city, which was later considered the base of Bilad Khorasan.
Tus was previously one of the cities of Khorasan in addition to the cities of Tabran and Dhuqn. It opened during the reign of Caliph Uthman Ibn Affan, and among the most important historical stages that passed through its land:
- Imam Ali was buried in it in the second century AH.
- In the middle of the fifth century AD, Turkish city of the Oghuz (al-Ghaz) tribes invaded the city, vandalized its mosques with the exception of the shrine, and killed many of its scholars.
- Attacked in the sixth century of the Mongol immigration, destroyed its features and killed its people.
- It was invaded by one of the descendants of Genghis (Dawood bin Al-Buraq) at the end of the sixth century of migration, and looted it.
- In the seventh century of migration, Miran Shu Bin Taymour Link besieged the city under the pretext of eliminating the Hajj Bey movement. This siege resulted in the destruction of the city and the flight of its people next to the shrine.
- At the end of the ninth century, at the end of the ninth century, city immigration fell to the Safavids.
- At the end of the ninth century of migration, the city of Balkh was besieged by the city for four months, and it wreaked havoc, corruption and robbery in the city, and its people were killed.
- In the year one thousand one hundred and sixty immigration Ali Qulikhan killed Nader Shah and took control of the city afterwards.
- In the year one thousand two hundred and sixty-six it was the scene of Salar’s strife, after which the city was opened by Husam Al-Sultanate.
- The city came under the control of the Qajarites at the beginning of the thirteenth century.
- A violent earthquake struck the city of Mashhad, Nikapur and other places in the year one thousand six hundred and seventy-three. This earthquake destroyed a third of the city of Mashhad, and the dome covered the shrine.
- The Russians bombed the city in the year one thousand nine hundred and twelve AD.
Landmarks of the city of Mashhad
The city is surrounded by a series of mountains that extend along the Wadi Khasf Road, the separation between the Nishapur Plain and the old city of Tous. The city center of Mashhad stretches a central street, extending from the northeast of the city towards the southeastern side, located on this street, two gates through which the visitor can cross to visit the shrine.