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The Masmak Palace

Masmak Palace is located in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in the center of the capital, Riyadh, and it is one of the old buildings in Riyadh, which has been lost so far. The palace is built of mud bricks. It was built in 1895 CE by Emir Rashid al-Rashid Abd al-Rahman bin Dabaan when he was governor of the Riyadh region during the reign of Muhammad al-Rashid.

A brief history of the palace

In the past, the Masmak Palace was located on the northern side of the old city of Riyadh near the old wall, but now the area has become called the “Deira neighborhood”, and this palace was used as a theater for the battle of “opening the city of Riyadh, which took place between the Al-Saud and the Al-Rashid in 1902 AD, where it regained King Abdulaziz of Riyadh is from the Rashid family, and there are traces of this battle that remain on the palace gate, which is represented by the broken head of the spear by which Amel bin Rashid was killed in the Riyadh region (Ibn Ajlan), as the original gate of the palace is present to the present day.

The designer is a thick, fortified, and tall building. It is also called “the fish” due to the thickness of its construction and its walls, and therefore it was called this name. It was used as a depot for weapons and ammunition after the Battle of Riyadh, and it was misled so that it was converted as a heritage landmark in which the stages of the founding of Saudi Arabia are presented. In the year 1400 AH (1980 AD), the Riyadh Municipality prepared a special study for the restoration of the palace, then the Ministry of Education adopted a program to transform the palace into a museum in coordination with the High Commission for the Development of Riyadh, which was opened in the beginning of the year 1416 AH (1995 AD) under the auspices of the Prince of Riyadh at the time. Prince Salman bin Abdulaziz.

The components of the palace

  • Gate of the designer palace: The gate is located west of the palace with a height of 3.60 m and a width of 2.65 m, and a thickness of 10 centimeters, made of trunks of the proverbs and palms, and there are three beams on the door with a thickness of 25 cm for each crossbar, and there is also a small opening (peach); it is a small door that allows passage One person is bent.
  • Mosque: In the palace there is a mosque north of the gate, and it contains several columns and shelves for the Koran, in addition to the presence of a mihrab, walls and ventilation openings.
  • Al-Diwaniyah: It is a rectangular room located opposite the gate, and it has a “neighbor” like the traditional al-Wajar in the city of Najd, as well as holes for ventilation and lighting.
  • The well: located in the north-east of the palace, a water well, from which the water is withdrawn by the referrer installed on it from above, and the water is removed by a bucket.
  • Observation towers: There is a cylindrical tower in each corner of the four corners of the palace, with a height of (18) meters and a width of (1.25) meters. In the center of the palace as well as a courtyard for the president, there are three housing units in the palace, the first unit used to house the ruling president, the second for the home of the money, and the third to accommodate guests.
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