Antiquities of ancient Egypt

In Egypt there is a large group of antiquities dating back to different eras and ancient civilizations, such as ancient Egyptian antiquities, Greek and Roman antiquities, in addition to Islamic antiquities, as these monuments were varied, and their architectural vocabulary differed, so each age had its advantages that distinguished it from other eras, In this article, we talk about the most prominent ancient Egyptian monuments, which date back to the various civilizations on which they grew up, and their wisdom.

The three pyramids

The three pyramids (Khufu, Khafra, and Menkaure) are considered among the seven wonders of the world, as they are considered the greatest of what the ancient Egyptians established; In order to build the Great Pyramid of Khufu, which has a current height of 137 m, although its height was 146 m, and its square base, the length of one side in it reaches 227 m, and looking at the pyramid of Khafra, we find that it is distinguished by its complete pyramidal group, in addition to It contains the famous statue called the Sphinx, and we cannot Gval third pyramid Menkaure, or the so-called (Menkaure), where built at the top of the plateau, but it became a flat stone by limestone blocks.

Valley of the Kings

Valley of the Kings, or what is known to the ancient pharaohs as (Ta Int), which is a group of tombs belonging to the kings of the modern Egyptian state, knowing that Tuthmosis the first was the first king to be buried in the valley of the kings of this state, and it is worth noting that the kings of the modern state remained They are buried in this valley until the era of the twentieth Egyptian family, and the number of tombs in this valley reached 64 discovered tombs, but these tombs were robbed by thieves, only Tutankhamun’s tomb was spared.

Abu Simbel Temple

Abu Simbel Temple is located in Aswan Governorate, and its history dates back to the era of King Ramses II, knowing that this name of the temple was called by the Swiss traveler Johan Ludwik Berkhart who discovered this site in 1813 AD, where he inferred his place with the help of a child named Abu Simbel, and it is worth It is worth mentioning that the importance of this temple lies in the phenomenon of the orthogonality of the sun twice twice a year to the statue of Ramses II.

The Temple of Amun-Re at Karnak

The Karnak site is considered one of the largest archaeological sites in the world. It includes a large group of architectural buildings that belong to the civilization of the Pharaohs, such as cemeteries and temples, where this temple was built to worship the god of the city of Thebes (the god Amon Ra), which is the largest temple in Karnak, and on Although this temple was designated for worship, only the general people were permitted to enter it, only the king and the high priest who were responsible for balancing the earthly and religious worlds entered it.

Citadel of Saladin

This castle is located in the south of Sinai (Taba), at the head of the Pharaoh Island, and this castle was built so that it would be a strong bulwark against the Crusaders ’attacks, as it was a testament to the efforts of the authorities to control the Islamic sanctities in both Mecca and Medina, and it is worth mentioning That this castle includes an outer wall with nine defensive towers, as well as a mosque, rooms for soldiers, and a kitchen, in addition to a private oven to manufacture weapons.

Sultan Qalawun group

The Sultan Qalawun Group is located in Cairo, and it is a unique group, and a wonderful architectural masterpiece created by the Mamluk Sultan Qalawun. This group was built on a land that was part of the Western Fatimid palace in Al-Moez Street, and it consisted of two parts: The first marine includes the cemetery where the burial was buried Qalawun, while the second (tribal) section includes a school, in addition to this group that includes a hospital (Biemaristan), and there is also a minaret considered to be the largest minaret in Egypt.

Bey Citadel

The Qaitbay Fort was built on the ruins of the Lighthouse of Alexandria, where the Sultan Qaytbay built it in order to protect his state from the attacks of the Ottoman Turks. The Mediterranean, and although the castle was neglected after Egypt came under the rule of the Ottomans, it was restored during the reign of Muhammad Ali.

Mosque of Ahmed bin Tulun

Ahmad Ibn Tulun built this mosque, so that Muslims can gather in it at the time of Friday prayer, and it is the third mosque that was established in Egypt, where this mosque was built of red bricks on an area of 26304.55 m 2, knowing that this mosque is distinguished by its Iraqi architectural features, such as decoration, design, in addition to This mosque has an open courtyard with an area of 92 square meters, and it is surrounded by four galleries, where the corridor of the qiblah is considered the largest, and this mosque also has a minaret that is built back to Sultan Lajin Al-Mansouri.

the hanging Church

The suspended church is considered one of the oldest churches that still exist in Egypt, and it was named by this name because it was built on two ancient towers of the Fort of Napoleon (Roman fortress), knowing that this church is located in the area of ancient Egypt, specifically in an important Coptic archaeological area, near a mosque Amr ibn Al-Aas, and the Jewish Temple (Ibn Ezra). It is worth noting that this church was built in a basilica character, as it consisted of two floors, three wings, a structure, and a front foyer.

Other effects

The following is a mention of the most prominent monuments of ancient Egypt:

Saqqara Pyramid.
The mast column area.
The missing obelisk.
Intentionally area.
The area of the effects of Kom al-Dikka.
Al-Shatby Tombs.
Mustafa Kamel tombs.
Fatimid cowardice.
Al-Hakim Mosque by the command of God.
The Complete School.
Zuwaila Gate.
Mountain of the Dead.
The Monastery of El Braamous.
Sultan Inal’s Bath.
The Monastery of Saint Damiana.
The Islamic city of Balat.
Muharraq Monastery.
Hibs Temple.