Switzerland
Switzerland (in English: Switzerland), also called the Swiss Confederation, is one of the European countries, and it is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with a total area of 39,516 km 2. Switzerland is the country of many languages, as there are four languages used: German, French, Italian and Romansh. The first three languages are the official languages adopted in Switzerland; all official documents must be issued in these languages combined. Switzerland is one of the richest countries, with a GDP of $ 664,738 million in 2015.
The capital of Switzerland
Bern (English: Bern) is the administrative capital of Switzerland and the capital of the canton. Berne is the largest canton in terms of area and population, with a population of 361,700 people, and the French language is the official language of Berne, but its residents also speak Bernese German, and Swiss German. The most popular religions there are Christianity, especially Swiss Protestant Christianity.
Berne is the seat of government, and contains the federal ministries and a number of other federal institutions, including the National Bank, and the headquarters of the Universal Postal Union, which is one of the specialized agencies of the United Nations. The city has been classified by UNESCO as a World Cultural Heritage site since 1983 due to the city’s preserving its ancient character from the Middle Ages, and its many distinct theaters and museums, such as the Alpine Museum, Einstein House, and many other monuments.
Geography
Location
Bern is located in the central western part of the country along a narrow ring of the River A, because it is a peninsula surrounded by river water on three sides, and accordingly, many bridges were built on the River A, such as the Crashfield Bridge and the Naid Bridge. The total area of the city is 479 km, 2, and the coordinates of the city are limited to 57 بات 46 ° to the north, and بات27 ° 7 to the east.
the climate
The climate of Bern is predominantly cold because of its location in the north of the country, where the Alps serve as a climate barrier between the north and south of the country, so a difference is observed in the prevailing climate between them. Winter temperatures reach a maximum of 3 °, and a minimum of -3 °. As for the summer months, temperatures reach a maximum of 22.3 °, and a minimum of 12.7 °. The average annual rainfall is 986 mm.
Economy
The location of the capital, Bern, in the heart of Switzerland is a key factor in making it an excellent place to attract small and medium-sized companies, in addition to large and multinational companies, as Bern includes the headquarters of many large companies, including: Ebay, The Swatch Group, Fenaco, Swisscom and T-Systems . The services sector is the largest and most employed sector in the capital, and the tourism and industry sectors also support the economy in Berne.
Date
It was one of the first settlements in the regions dating back to pre-Roman times. It was founded by Bertold V, Duke of Zaringen in 1191 AD as a military site on the border between the German-speaking party and the French-speaking body, and in 1353 it became an independent country when it entered the Swiss Confederation. After a devastating fire swept the town, which was built of wood in 1405, Bern was rebuilt from sandstone. The city was invaded by France in 1798, and in 1815 it was liberated, and after several years, specifically in 1848, Bern became the political capital of the modern Swiss Confederation.
Bern exhibits more medieval monuments than any other city, as it is characterized by a 6 km2 stretch of corridors covered by fountains and fountains dating back to the sixteenth century, as well as narrow streets, historical towers and sandy building facades, in addition to the following important landmarks:
- Albert Einstein House Genius physics.
- Parliament (Bundeshaus), which is located above the city.
- The famous clock tower (Zeitlog), which dates back to the 16th century, and which contains mechanical dolls that move every four minutes before every hour.
- Käfigturm Tower It is one of the remains of the ancient walls that were protecting the city.
- Bern University Founded in 1805.
- Swiss National Library Containing more than 5 million documents.
transportation
Bern relies on direct rail service to many major cities in Switzerland, as well as to multiple European cities, such as Paris, Berlin, Barcelona and Milan. Although the city has a good transportation network, the tour operators in the city are advised to experience a unique experience exploring the city center on foot.
Festivals and events
- Gorten FestivalTens of thousands of people walk every summer to the house mountain to see several artists in the international music scene, as they gather at the two-day Gorten Festival.
- Onion market: The fourth is usually held on Mondays every November. The streets are covered with colored paper scraps. Many of the pancakes sold in stores and stalls are made of onions.
- Night of the museums: In March of each year, the Berne Museum opens its doors until the early hours of the morning, attracting many art lovers.
- In the month of June takes place Berne Dance Festival It includes performances and exhibitions entirely dedicated to dancing.
- Grand Prix raceIn May of this year, the race is held at a UNESCO World Heritage site, and is considered the largest race in Switzerland.
Video of Swiss chocolate waterfalls
If we could represent the quantity of chocolate produced and consumed in Switzerland it would be in the form of waterfalls! Watch the video to learn more surprises about Switzerland: